Instructions: Insert your hook into the front loop of the next stitch and crochet as usual. Insert your hook into the back loop of the next stitch and crochet as usual. This creates a ridge of exposed loops on the front of the work. This creates a ridge of exposed loops on the back of the work.

Instructions: Work up to the stitch before the color change. Insert the hook through the next stitch and pull a loop of the original color through. Next draw a loop of the new color through the two loops on the hook. Continue working in the new color.

Instructions: Wrap the yarn around your fingers making an x with the tail of the yarn on the thumb side of your hand. Insert the hook beneath the x. Catch the yarn (the yarn-ball end) and pull it back beneath the x. Wrap the yarn around the hook once more and pull it through the loop you’ve just created. Now you can work single crochets through the ring as though it were a stitch and use the tail to tighten the ring.

Instructions: Break the yarn and put the tail on a tapestry needle. Thread the tail through the front loops only of the remaining stitches. Pull the tail to draw the opening closed